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xqs»R½ùª«sVVƒ«sV ª«sWú»R½®ªs[V µR…Lji+Li¿RÁVÈÁ¸R…VLiµR…V ¬sª«sVgRiVõLS\ÛÍÁƒ«s A ¸R…VVª«s¼½ BÈýÁV µR…X²³R…ª«sVVgS ¬saRPèLiVVLi¿RÁVNRPVƒ«sõQQ\®µ…, ‡ÁLiµ³R…Vª«soÌÁV ªyLjiLi¿RÁV¿RÁVƒ«sõƒ«sW, úFyß᪫sVVÌÁƒ«sV „s²T…ÀÁ |msÈíÁVÈÁNRPV ¬sLñRiLiVVLi¿RÁVN]®ƒsƒ«sV (49). A®ªsV »R½ƒ«s xqsLRi* xqsLixmsµR…ÌÁƒ«sV úZaP[xtîsvÌÁgRiV úËØx¤¦¦¦øßáVÌÁNRPV µyƒ«sª«sVV ¿Á[zqs xqsµybPª«so¬s µ³yù¬sLiÀÁ A @gjiõNTP ª«sVVª«sWøLRiV úxmsµR…OTPQß᪫sVV ¿Á[zqs µy¬sÍÜ[ úxms®ªs[bPLi¿RÁVÈÁNRPV xqsLizqsµôðR…VLSÌÁ¹¸…Vùƒ«sV (50). »R½ƒ«s¸R…VLiµR…V ª«sVƒ«sxqsV=ƒ«sV @LjiöLiÀÁ úxmsÇÁ*LjiÛÍýÁ[ @gjiõ¸R…VLiµR…V xms²R…ËÜ[ª«so¿RÁVƒ«sõ A®ªsVƒ«sV, „saRP*xqs*LRiWxmso²R…gRiV A bPª«so²R…V A„sLRi÷é„sLiÀÁ ¬sªyLjiLi¿Áƒ«sV (51). ®µ…[ª«s»R½ÌÁLiµR…LjiNUP ®µ…[ª«so²R…V, ª«sVVNRPäLiÉÓÁ, ¿RÁLiúµR…NRPÎÏÁ bPL][˳ÏÁWxtsQß᪫sVVgS gRiÌÁªy²R…V, N][Éýصj… ¿RÁLiúµR…VÌÁ, xqsWLRiVùÌÁ ª«sVLji¸R…VV @gRiVõÌÁ NSLi¼½ gRiÌÁªy²R…V ƒ«sgRiV A bPª«so¬s gSLiÀÁ A®ªsV xqsòLiÕ³ÁLiÀÁƒ«sµy ¸R…Vƒ«sõÈýÁV, ˳ÏÁ¸R…Vxms²T…ƒ«sµy ¸R…Vƒ«sõÈýÁV @ÈÁVÌÁ®ƒs[ ¬sÌÁ‡Á²T… ¸R…VVLi®²…ƒ«sV (52). µR…VMÅÁª«sVV»][ ª«sVLji¸R…VV ˳ÏÁ¸R…Vª«sVV»][ ª«sßÓáNTP F¡»R½W xqsò‡ôðÁVLS\ÛÍÁ ¬sÌÁ‡Á²T… NRPÎýÏÁ®ªsLi‡Á²T… ËØxtsQöª«sVVÌÁƒ«sV NSLRiVè¿RÁVƒ«sõ A®ªsVƒ«sV JµyLjiè ¿Á[»R½VÌÁƒ«sV xmsÈíÁVN]¬s bPª«so²T…ÈýÁV xmsÖÁZNPƒ«sV (53).

bPª«s Dªy¿RÁ e

xqs»R½ùLi µ³R…LRiøLi ¿RÁ \®µ³…LRiùLi ¿RÁ ˳ÏÁNTPòLi ¿RÁ ª«sVLiVV ¬saRPèÍت±sV e xmsLkiOTPQ»R½VLi »R½*»R½=NSaRPLi \®ªsbdPù˳ÏÁW»y*% x¤¦¦¦ª«sWgRi»R½M ee 54

ª«sW¸R…V¸R…WgjiõLi xqsª«sVVµôk…xmsù µR…gôðRiLi ¾»½[ ƒyÈÁùª«sVLi²R…xmsª±sV e µR…gôðRiLi NRPX»y* LRi»R½õÖÁLigRiLi úxms„suí¡%x¤¦¦¦ x¤¦¦¦§»yaRPƒ«sª±sV ee 55

ry »R½*Li xqs»R½ùª«sVƒ«sVxqsøQX»R½ù úxms„suíy gjiõLi ª«sV¸R…W xqsx¤¦¦¦ e @»R½}qsò xqsLiúxmsµyryù„sV ˳Ü[gSLizqsòQû µR…aRPµR…VLýRi˳؃±s ee 56

¸R…VµR…ùµj…¿RÁèé zqs xqsVúa][ßÓá »R½®µ…[ª«s z¤¦¦¦ µR…µy„sV ¾»½[ e »R½*µR…÷éQQNSòQù%x¤¦¦¦Li úxmsxqsƒ¯[õ%zqsø »R½ªy®µ…[¸R…VLi ƒ«s „sµR…ù¾»½[ ee 57

bPª«so²T…ÈýÁV xmsÖÁZNPƒ«sVc

®ƒs[ƒ«sV ¬ds¸R…VLiµR…V xqs»R½ùª«sVVƒ«sV, µ³R…LRiøª«sVVƒ«sV, ƒy\|ms gRiÌÁ ¬saRPèÌÁ ˳ÏÁNTPò¬s xmsLkiOTPQLi¿RÁg][Lji \®ªsaRPùLRiWxmsª«sVVÍÜ[ ¬dsª«sµôR…NRPV ª«sÀÁè¼½¬s (54). ®ƒs[ƒ«sV ª«sW¸R…V¿Á[ @gjiõ¬s úxmsÇÁ*LjiÌýÁ ÛÇÁ[zqs ¬ds ƒyÈÁùª«sVLi²R…xmsª«sVVƒ«sV »R½gRiVÌÁÛËÁÉíÓÁ¼½¬s. A LRi»R½õÖÁLigRiª«sVVƒ«sV µR…z¤¦¦¦LiÀÁ, @gjiõÍÜ[ úxms®ªs[bPLiÀÁ¼½¬s (55). ¬dsª«so xqs»R½ù ª«s¿RÁƒ«sª«sVVƒ«sV xqsøLjiLiÀÁ ƒy ®ªsƒ«sVNRP @gjiõÍÜ[ úxms®ªs[bPLixms ËÜ[¼½„s. NSª«soƒ«s ®ƒs[ƒ«sV ¬dsNRPV ®µ…[ª«s»R½ÌÁ\ZNPƒ«sƒ«sW ÌÁÕ³ÁLixms aRPNRPùª«sVV NS¬s ˳Ü[gRiª«sVVÌÁ ¬s¿ÁèµR…ƒ«sV (56). J xqsVLiµR…Lki! ¬dsª«so ®µ…[¬s¬s N][Ljiƒ«sƒ«sW ®ƒs[ƒ«sV B¿ÁèµR…ƒ«sV. ®ƒs[ƒ«sV ¬ds ˳ÏÁNTPòNTP „sVNTPäÖÁ úxmsxqsƒ«sVõ²R…\®ƒs¼½¬s. ¬dsNRPV C ¸R…VLS¬sµj… ÛÍÁ[µR…V (57).

ƒ«sLiµk…aRP*LRi Dªy¿RÁ e

B¼½ ú‡ÁVª«s¼½ g_LkiZaP[ aRPLiNRPlLi[ ˳ÏÁNRPò ª«s»R½=ÛÍÁ[ e ª«sV¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµy ¿RÁ ry ®ªs[aSù aRPLiNRPLRiLi úxms»R½ù˳ØxtsQ»R½ ee 58

ƒ«sLiµk…aRP*LRiV²T…ÈýÁV xmsÖÁZNPƒ«sVc

˳ÏÁNTPò ª«s»R½=ÌÁV²R…V, g_Lkixms¼½¸R…VgRiV aRPLiNRPLRiV²T…ÈýÁV xmsÌÁVNRPgS ®ªs[aRPù¸R…VgRiV A ª«sV¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµR… aRPLiNRPLRiV¬s D®µô…[bPLiÀÁ BÈýÁV ‡ÁµR…VÖÁ®²…ƒ«sV (58).

®ªs[a][ùªy¿RÁ e

ƒ«s ®ªs[V ªyLi¿³yzqsò ˳Ü[lgi[xtsv ˳ÏÁWª«s° xqs*lLæi[ LRiry»R½ÛÍÁ[ e »R½ª«s FyµyLi‡ÁVÇÁxqs=LS+µR…ƒ«sù»`½ NTPLiÀÁƒ«sõ NSª«sV¹¸…[V ee 59

¹¸…[V ®ªs[V ˳ÏÁX»yùaRPè µyxqsùaRPè ¹¸…[V ªy®ƒs[ù ª«sVª«sV ËØLiµ³R…ªyM e xqslLi[* »R½*µôR…LRi+ƒ«sxmsLSxqsòQ*LiVV xqsƒ«sõQQùxqsòª«sX»R½ò¸R…VM ee 60

xqsLS*®ƒs[»yƒ«sø¸R…W ryLôðRiLi ¬s¬ds¸R…W»R½øxmsLRiLi xmsµR…ª±sV e xmsoƒ«sLêRiƒ«sø˳ÏÁ¸R…VLi |mnsWLRiLi „s®ªsW¿RÁ¸R…V ƒ«s®ªsW%xqsVò¾»½[ ee 61

®ªs[aRPù BÈýÁV xmsÖÁZNPƒ«sVc

ƒyNRPV ˳ÏÁWÍÜ[NRP, xqs*LæRiÍÜ[NRP, Fy»yÎÏÁÍÜ[NRPª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[¬s ˳Ü[gRiª«sVVÌÁ¸R…VLiµR…V N][LjiNRP ÛÍÁ[µR…V. ¬ds FyµR…xmsµR…øª«sVVÌÁƒ«sV xqsöQXbPLi¿RÁVÈÁ NRPLiÛÉÁ ª«sVLji¹¸…VVNRPµy¬s¬s ®ƒs[ƒ«sV N][LRiVÈÁÛÍÁ[µR…V (59). ƒy }qsª«sNRPVÌÁV, µy{qsÌÁV ª«sVLji¸R…VV ƒy B»R½LRi‡ÁLiµ³R…Vª«soÌÁV @LiµR…LRiW NRPW²y ¬ds ¸R…VLiµR…V ÌÁgRiõQQ\®ªsVƒ«s ª«sVƒ«sxqsV= gRiÌÁªy\lLi ¬ds µR…LRi+ƒ«sª«sVV N]LRiNRPV »R½x¤¦¦¦»R½x¤¦¦¦ÍزR…V¿RÁVƒyõLRiV (60). ƒy»][ xqs¥¦¦¦ „dsLjiƒ«sLiµR…Lji¬ds ¬ds xmsLRiª«sVxmsµR…ª«sVVƒ«sNRPV g]¬sF¡LiVV |mnsWLRiª«sVgRiV xmsoƒ«sLêRiƒ«sø ˳ÏÁ¸R…Vª«sVVƒ«sVLi²T… „sª«sVVNTPò¬s NRPÖÁgjiLi¿RÁVª«sVV. ¬dsNRPV ƒ«sª«sVryäLRiª«sVgRiVgSNRP! (61)

ƒ«sLiµk…aRP*LRi Dªy¿RÁe

»R½»R½xqs= »R½ryù ª«s¿RÁƒ«sLi úxms¼½ƒ«sLiµR…ù ª«sV}¤¦¦¦aRP*LRiM e »yxqs=LS*aRPè »R½¸R…W ryLôðRiLi ¬sƒy¸R…V xqs*Li xmsLRiLi xmsµR…ª±sV ee 62

\®ªsaRPùƒy´yª«s»yLRi}qsò ª«sLñji»R½M xmsLRi®ªsW ª«sV¸R…W e ª«sV¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµyxqsVÅÁNRPL][ ˳ÏÁNSòƒ«sLiµR…úxmsµR…xqs=µy ee 63

BµR…Li ¿RÁLjiú»R½Li xmsLRiª«sVLi xms„sú»R½Li xqs»yLi ¿RÁ xqsLRi*úxmsµR…ª«sWaS µj…ª«sùª±sV e

bPªyª«s»yLRixqsù „saSLixms¾»½[LRiø¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµyª«sV¥¦¦¦r¢ÅÁùNRPLRiLi „sÀÁú»R½ª±sV ee 64

BµR…Li ¸R…VaRP+QXßáV¸R…WµR…÷éQQNSòQù úaSª«s¹¸…[Vµy* xqsª«sWz¤¦¦¦»R½M e ¿RÁùª«s¾»½[ ƒ«s xqs*µ³R…LSø»R½= xmsLRiú»R½ ÌÁ˳ÏÁ##¾»½[ gRi¼½ª±sV ee 65

B¼½ $ bPª«sª«sV¥¦¦¦xmsoLSâßá[ aRP»R½LRiVúµR…xqsLiz¤¦¦¦»y¸R…WLi \®ªsaRPùƒy´y ª«s»yLRiª«sLñRiƒ«sLi ƒyª«sV xtsQ²T…*Lia][%µ³yù¸R…VM (26).

ƒ«sLiµk…aRP*LRiV²T…ÈýÁV xmsÖÁZNPƒ«sVc

»R½LRiVªy»R½ A ª«sV}¤¦¦¦aRP*LRiV²R…V A®ªsV xmsÌÁVNRPVÌÁƒ«sÕ³Áƒ«sLiµj…LiÀÁ A®ªsV»][ ËØÈÁV ªyLjiƒ«sLiµR…Lji¬ds NRPW²R… »R½ƒ«s xmsLRiª«sVxmsµR…ª«sVVƒ«sNRPV g]¬sF¡¹¸…Vƒ«sV (62). ª«sV¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµR…NRPV xqsVÅÁª«sVVƒ«sV NRPÖÁgjiLiÀÁƒ«sµj…, ˳ÏÁNRPVòÌÁNRPV xqsµy Aƒ«sLiµR…ª«sVV¬s¿RÁV胫sµj…, úZaP[xtîsQ\®ªsVƒ«sµj… @gRiV \®ªsaRPùƒy´yª«s»yLRiª«sVVƒ«sV ®ƒs[ƒ«sV ¬dsNRPV ª«sLñjiLiÀÁ¼½¬s (63). C µj…ª«sù ¿RÁLjiú»R½ª«sVV xmsLRiª«sVxms„sú»R½\®ªsVƒ«sµj…, ª«sVLji¸R…VV xqs»R½VöLRiVxtsvÌÁNRPV bdPúxmnsVª«sVVgS xqsLRi*ª«sVVƒ«sV B¿RÁV胫sµj…. bPª«so¬s C „sÀÁú»R½ª«sVgRiV \®ªsaRPùƒy´yª«s»yLRiª«sVV ª«sV¥¦¦¦ƒ«sLiµR…NRPV ª«sV¥¦¦¦r¢ÅÁùª«sVVƒ«sƒ«sVúgRiz¤¦¦¦LiÀÁƒ«sµj… (64). Fsª«s\®²…¾»½[ µk…¬s¬s ˳ÏÁNTPò»][ „sƒ«sVƒ¯[, ÛÍÁ[µy ª«sVƒ«sxqsV=ƒ«sV ÌÁgRiõª«sVV ¿Á[zqs „s¬szmsLi¿RÁVƒ¯[, ªy²R…V »R½ƒ«s µ³R…LRiøª«sVVƒ«sVLi²T… xms¼½»R½V²R…V NS²R…V. ª«sVLji¸R…VV ®µ…[x¤¦¦¦»yùgSƒ«sLi»R½LRiª«sVV D»R½òª«sVgRi¼½¬s F~LiµR…Vƒ«sV (65).

$ bPª«s ª«sV¥¦¦¦xmsoLSß᪫sVVÍÜ[¬s aRP»R½LRiVúµR…xqsLiz¤¦¦¦»R½¸R…VLiµR…V \®ªsaRPù ƒy´yª«s»yLRiª«sLñRiƒ«sª«sV®ƒs[ BLRiVª«sµj… ALRiª«s @µ³yù¸R…Vª«sVV ª«sVVgjizqsƒ«sµj… (26).

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