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Sri Padma Mahapuranam-I    Chapters   

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xmsoÌÁxqsòQù Dªy¿RÁ :

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„suñ¡LRi*lLi[ßá xqsLRi*xqsù úxms˳ÏÁV»R½* ª«sVgRiª«sV »R½ûQö˳ÏÁVM e ¬sM ry*µ³yù¸R…V ª«sxtsQÉÞ NS LRiLi ¬sLôðRiLRiøLi „dsORPQQù˳ÏÁW»R½ÌÁª±sV ee 11

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ª«sX}tísQ »R½*ƒ«s*LigRiª«sV »R½òryùM xmsX´R…VM }qsxtsvaRPLSxqsƒ«sM e »R½»R½M zqós\¾»½Q*NRP ®µ…[ZaP[»R½V NTPLiNRPL][ „dsV¼½ ¿yú‡Á„ds»`½ ee 13

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BLiúµ][ ª«s»R½=M xqsª«sV˳ÏÁª«s»`½ OUPQLRi ª«sVWLêRixqs= ÌÁLi ‡ÁÌÁª±sV e ®µ…[ªyƒyLi NSLi¿RÁƒ«sLi Fyú»R½Li zms»R½YߨLi LSÇÁ»R½Li »R½´y ee 18

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µ][gôðSª«sxqsV LRiVÀÁLSõª«sWµ³R…LRi* ®ªs[µR…xqsù FyLRigRiM e gjiLji Õ³ÁLRi*xqsVµ³y µR…VgôðS LRi»yõ¬s „s„sµ³y¬s ¿RÁ ee 25

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ƒ¯[xmsxqsLæS ƒ«s ¿y xmnsW»R½M xmsX´_ LSÇÁùLi úxmsaS{qs¼½ e ¬s»R½ùLi úxmsª«sVVµj…»y ÍÜ[NS µR…VMÅÁ a][NRP „sª«sLêji»yM ee 30

µ³R…ƒ«sVu¡äÉØù ¿RÁ \ZaPÛÍÁ[Liúµyƒy ƒ«sV»y=LRiù xqsª«sV¥¦¦¦‡ÁÌÁM e ˳ÏÁWª«sVLi²R…ÌÁLi xqsª«sVLi ¿RÁúZNP[ ÍÜ[NSƒyLi z¤¦¦¦»R½NSª«sVù¸R…W ee 31

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¹¸…[Vƒ«s ˳ØgkiLRiµ³k… gRiÇæØ »R½xmsMNRPX»y*ª«s»yLji»y e ˳ÏÁgkiLRi´R…xqsù »R½ƒ«s¹¸…W ƒy˳ØgRi B¼½ „súaRPV»R½M ee150

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KLRiV*²R…V ªyLRiV N][Ljiƒ«s ª«sLRi„sV¿Á胫sV. INRP¾»½ @LRiVª«sµj…®ªs[ÌÁª«sVLiµj… N]²R…VNRPVÌÁƒ«sV BLiN]NRP¾»½ INRPä¬sLi g][lLiƒ«sV. úxms˳ÏÁ ª«sLiaRPNRPLRiò ƒ¯NRPäxmsoú»R½V¬s g][lLiƒ«sV. @xqsª«sVLiÇÁÙ ƒ¯NRPä¬s úgRiz¤¦¦¦LiÀÁLji. @ª«s*ÌÁ ¸R…VµR…Vª«sLiaRPÇÁ (¸R…WµR…„s) \¹¸…V úxms˳ÏÁ LiVVLRiVµj…®ªs[ÌÁª«sVLiµj…¬s N]²R…VNRPVÌÁLigRi¬s¹¸…V. ªyLRiV ˳ÏÁW„sV¬s úµR…„s* „sxtñsvª«so¿Á[ µR…z¤¦¦¦Lixms‡Á²T…Lji. ªyLRiV ‡ÁW²T…µR…\¹¸…Vƒ«s ¸R…W úxms®µ…[aRPª«sVV ˳ÏÁxqsøµk…*xmsª«sVV (Ashes Island) @¬s ®ƒs[²R…V zmsÌÁVª«s‡Á²R…V»R½Vƒ«sõµj…. @xqsª«sVLiÇÁÙ¬s N]²R…V NRPLiaRPVª«sVLi»R½V²R…V @»R½¬s ªy²R…V µj…ÖdÁxmso²R…V, ªy¬s N]²R…VNRPV ˳ÏÁgkiLRi´R…V²R…V. @»R½²R…V »R½xmsxqsV=¿Á[zqs gRiLigRi ƒ«sª«s»R½LjiLixms ÛÇÁ[zqsƒy²R…V, ˳ØgkiLRiµ³j… ¸R…Vƒ«sV }msLRiLiµR…VÌÁZNP[ gRiÖæÁƒ«sµj…. ˳ÏÁgkiLRi´R…V¬sªy²R…V ƒy˳ØgRiV²R…V. ªy¬s NRPVª«sWLRiV ²R…Li‡ÁLkixtsv²R…V. @»R½²R…V zqsLiµ³R…Vµk…*xmsª«sVV ®ƒs[LRiöLRi¿Áƒ«sV. @»R½¬sNTP A¸R…VV»y¸R…VVª«so @»R½¬sNTP ‡ÁVV»R½Vª«sLñRiV²R…V @»R½¬sNTP NRPÍØøxtsQFyµR…V, @»R½¬sNTP xqsLRi*NRPLRiVø²R…V @»R½¬s NRPƒ«sLRißáVù²R…V @»R½¬sNTP ¬sxmnsVV²R…Vƒ«sV NRPVª«sWLRiVÌÁV gRiÖæÁLji. ¬sxmnsVV¬s N]²R…VNRPVÌÁV @ƒ«s„sVú»R½V²R…V LRixmnsVVª«so. @ƒ«s„sVú»R½V²R…V aRP»R½XƒyaRPƒ«sª«sVVƒ«s NRPLRißáùª«sVVƒ«s ZNP[lgiƒ«sV. LRixmnsVVª«soƒ«sNRPV µj…ÖdÁxmso²R…V, @»R½¬sNTP @ÇÁÙ²R…V. @»R½¬sNTP µk…LçRi ËØx¤¦¦¦§ª«so. @»R½¬sNTP úxms‡ÁWFyÌÁV²R…V, @»R½¬sNTP µR…aRPLRi´R…V²R…V. A¸R…Vƒ«sNRPV ƒ«sÌæÁVLRiV xmsoú»R½VÌÁV ƒyLS¸R…Vßá xqs*LRiWxmsoÌÁVµR…LiVVLiÀÁLji. LSª«sVV²R…LiµR…V |msµôR…ªy²R…V. 155

LSª«sߨLi»R½NRPLRixqsòµR…*úµR…xmnsWߨLi ª«sLiaRPª«sLóRiƒ«sM e ªyÖdÁøNTP LRiùxqsù ¿RÁLji»R½Li ¿RÁúZNP[ ˳ØLæRiª«sxqs»R½òª«sV ee 156

»R½xqsùxmsoú»R½ NRPVa][ƒyª«sV BOSQQ*NRPVNRPVÌÁª«sLôðRiƒ«sM e @¼½´j…xqsVò NRPVaSÇØ»][ ¬sxtsQµ³R… xqsòxqsù ¿y»R½øÇÁM ee 157

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»R½xqsù xmsoú»][7˳ÏÁª«s µk…*L][ ®µ…[ªyƒ«sNRPM úxms»yxmsªyƒ±s e @{¤¦¦¦ƒ«sgRiVxqsòxqsù xqsV»R½M xqsx¤¦¦¦úryaRP* xqsò»R½M xmsLRiª±sV ee 159

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„dsLRi}qsƒ«sxqsVò»R½ xqsòµR…*Q\®ƒs xtsQµ³R…aRPè ƒ«sLSµ³j…xmsM e G¾»½[ „sª«saRP*»][ ª«sLiZaP[ LSÇØƒ¯[ ˳ÏÁWLjiµR…OTPQߨM ee 162

BOSQQ*NRPV ª«sLiaRPúxms˳تyM úFyµ³y®ƒs[ùƒ«s úxmsNUPLjiò»yM ee 163

B¼½ $xmsµR…øxmsoLSâßá[ úxms´R…ª«sVÅÁLi®²…[ Aµj…»R½ùª«sLiaRP NRP´R…ƒ«sª±sV ƒyª«sWxtísQ®ªsW7µ³yù¸R…VM

@»R½²R…V LSª«sߨLi»R½NRPV²R…V. LRixmnsVVª«sLiaRPª«sLôðRiƒ«sV²R…V, ˳ØLæRiª¯[»R½òª«sV ! A¸R…Vƒ«s ¿RÁLjiú»R½¹¸…[V ªyÖdÁøNTP úªyzqsƒyLRiV @»R½¬s NRPVª«sWLRiV²R…V NRPVaRPV²R…V. @»R½ ²T…OSQQ*NRPVNRPVÌÁª«sLôðRiƒ«sV²R…V. NRPVaRPV¬s NRP¼½µ³j… ¸R…VVµR…LiVVLi¿Áƒ«sV. @»R½¬s N]²R…VNRPV ¬sxtsQ´R…V²R…V ¬sxtsQ´R…V¬sNTP ƒ«sÌÁV ²R…VµR…÷é„sLi¿Á. ƒ«sÌÁV¬sNTP ƒ«s˳ÏÁxqsV= NRPÖÁlgiƒ«sV. ƒ«s˳ÏÁxqsV¬sNTP xmsoLi²R…LkiNRPV²R…V, @»R½¬sNTP ZOP[Qª«sVµ³R…ƒ«sV*²R…V. @»R½¬sNTP „dsLRiV²R…V ®µ…[ªy¬dsNRPV²R…V @»R½¬sNTP úxms»yxmsaSÖÁ @{¤¦¦¦ƒ«sgRiV²R…V @»R½¬sNTP xqsx¤¦¦¦úryaRPV*²R…V @»R½¬sNTP ¿RÁLiúµyª«sÍÜ[NRPV²R…V @»R½¬sNTP ¿RÁLiúµy{ms²R…V²R…VLigRiÖæÁLji. @»R½¬s N]²R…VNRPV úaRPV»y¸R…VVª«so. @»R½²R…V ˳ØLRi»R½¸R…VVµôðR…ª«sVLiµR…V gRiWÌÁöLi‡Á®²…ƒ«sV. C ª«sLiaRPª«sVVƒ«sLiµR…V „sZaP[xtsQ úxmsÆØù¼½ƒ«sLiµj…ƒ«sªyLRiV ƒ«sÌÁVÖÁµôR…LRiV. „dsLRi}qsƒ«s xqsV»R½V²]NRP²R…V, ¬sxtsQ´R…V¬s N]²R…VN]NRPä²R…V. „dsLRiV xqsWLRiùª«sLiaRPª«sVVƒ«sLiµR…V LiVVLiÀÁƒ«s LSÇÁÙ, ˳ÏÁWLjiµR…OTPQßáVÌÁV. (xqsLRi*xqs*µR…OTPQßá\®ªsVƒ«s „saRP*ÑÁµyùgRiª«sVVƒ«sV LRixmnsVVª«sV¥¦¦¦LSÇÁÙ }qszqsƒ«sÈýÁV „sƒyõª«sVVgRiµy) BOSQQ*NRPVª«sLiaRP úxms˳ÏÁVª«soÌÁƒ«sV ª«sVVÅÁùª«sVVgS gkiLjiòLiÀÁ¼½¬s.

Bµj… Aµj…»R½ù (xqsWLRiù) ª«sLiaRPNRP´R…ƒ«sª«sVƒ«sV ®ƒs¬s„sVµR…ª«s ¸R…Vµ³yù¸R…Vª«sVV.

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