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úxms¼d½NSµ³j…NRPLRißáLi 3

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ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø µR…XxtísQùµ³j…NRPLRißáLi 4

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Aµj…»yùµj… ª«sV»R½ùµ³j…NRPLRiß᪱sV 5.

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„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV:c ""¸R…V Gªyr¢ .....'' B»yùµj… ªyNRPùª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ Dµæk…´yµj… NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁ¸R…VLiµR…V Aµj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»yµR…XztísQ = Aµj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»][Fyxqs ƒ«sª«sVVÌÁV „sz¤¦¦¦»R½ª«sVV\ÛÍÁ ¸R…VVƒ«sõ„s. B¿RÁÈÁ úxms¼d½NRPª«sVVÌÁgRiV Dµæk…´yµR…VÌÁVƒ«sV c DFyxqsùª«sVVÌÁgRiV @µj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»R½VÌÁVƒ«sV ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦øNSLRiùª«sVVÛÍÁ[ gRiƒ«sVNRP „ds¬sÍÜ[ D»R½äL<Sxms NRPL<Ri˳ت«sª«sVV ÛÍÁ[µR…V. Hƒ«sƒ«sV NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁgRiV Dµæk…´yµR…VÌÁ¸R…VLi®µ…[ Aµj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»yµR…XztísQ ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV NS¬s, Aµj…»yùµR…VÌÁ¸R…VLiµR…V Dµæk…´yµj… µR…XztísQ ¿Á[¸R…VLSµR…V. GÌÁ¸R…Vƒ«s? C DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVVÌÁV NRPLRiøxmnsÌÁ xqsª«sVXµôðj…¬s xqsLiFyµj…Li¿RÁVÈÁ\ZNP {qs*NRPLjiLixms ‡Á²T…ƒ«s„s gRiƒ«sVNRP NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁgRiV Dµæk…´yµR…VÌÁV Aµj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»yµR…XxtísvÌÁ»][ xqsLixqsäLjiLixms‡Á²R…gS xqsLixqsäQX»R½\®ªsVƒ«s ANRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁµy*LS A¸R…W NRPLRiøÌÁ¹¸…VVNRPä xmnsÌÁª«sVVÌÁV xqsª«sVXµôðj… xqsLixmsƒ«sõª«sVVÌÁV NSgRiÌÁª«so. NSƒ«s NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁ¸R…VLi®µ…[ ®µ…[ª«s»yµR…XztísQ ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV. ª«sVLji¸R…VV xqsWú»R½xqósª«sVgRiV ""¿RÁ'' @ƒ«sV aRP‡ôÁª«sVV Aµj…»yùµj… ®µ…[ª«s»R½ÌÁV NRPLRiøxmnsÌÁ LRiWxmsoÌÁV gRiƒ«sVNRP NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁgRiV Dµæk…´yµR…VÌÁNRPLiÛÉÁ ƒ«sV»R½äQXxtísQ\®ªsVƒ«sªyLRiV NSƒ«sƒ«sV NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁ¸R…VLi®µ…[ ®µ…[ª«s»yµR…XztísQ ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV @ƒ«sV „sZaP[xtsQª«sVVƒ«sV xqsWÀÁLi¿RÁV ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj….

A{qsƒyµ³j…NRPLRiß᪱sV 6.

„sª«sX¼½M : NRPLSøLig][Fyxqsƒy¼½LjiZNP[ò xtswFyxqs®ƒs[xtsv úxmsª«sX»][ò ¸R…VM xmsoLRiVxtsQ xqs=M c A{qsƒ«sM xqs=®ƒs[õª«s DFy{qs»R½, ƒ«s»R½V aRP¸R…Wƒ«s zqsòxtîsQƒ±s gRi¿RÁè郱s ªy. NRPV»R½M? xqsLi˳ÏÁªy»`½ = ª«sWƒ«sxqs úxms»R½ù¸R…V úxmsªy{¤¦¦¦NRPLRißØ»R½øNRP r¡ùFyxqsƒ«sxqsù ÀÁ»R½ò„sZOP[QxmsNSLRißصj… µ][xtsQ„s¸R…VVNSò¸R…W ª«sW{qsƒ«s»R½*µR…aS¸R…W ®ªs[Vª«s xqsLi˳ÏÁªyµj…¼½.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c NRPLSøLigRiª«sVVÌÁV NS¬s xqs*»R½Liú»][Fyxqsƒ«sª«sVVÌÁV ¿Á[¸R…V ‡ÁW¬sƒ«sªy²R…V A{qsƒ«sV²R…LiVV¹¸…[V »yƒy DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVVÌÁ ¿Á[¸R…Vª«sÌÁ¸R…VVƒ«sV. xmsLRiVLi²T… ¸R…VVLi²T…gS¬s ¬sÌÁª«s‡Á²T… ¸R…VVLi²T…gS¬s ƒ«s²R…¿RÁV¿RÁVgS¬s ¿Á[¸R…VLSµR…V c GÌÁ¸R…Vƒ«s? DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVV ¿Á[¸R…VVÈÁ ¸R…Vƒ«sgS xqsÇؼd½¸R…V ª«sVƒ¯[ª«sX¼½ò úxmsªyx¤¦¦¦ª«sVVƒ«sV xqsLiFyµj…Li¿RÁVÈÁ¹¸…[V ¸R…VgRiVƒ«sV. @ÉíÓÁ DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVV ÀÁ»R½ò „sZOP[Qxmsª«sVVƒ«sNRPV, BLiúµj…¸R…V „sNSLSµj… µ][xtsQª«sVVÌÁNRPVƒ«sV úxmsxqsNTPò ÛÍÁ[¬s¸R…VÉíÓÁ A{qsƒ«s»R½* µR…aRP¸R…VLi®µ…[ @ƒ«sgS NRPWLRiV¿]¬s ¸R…VVƒ«sõxmsöV®²…[ xqsLi˳ÏÁ„sLi¿RÁVƒ«sVNSƒ«sƒ«s¬s ¾»½ÖÁ¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV.

8. xqsW: µ³yùƒy¿RÁè

„sª«sX¼½M :c ¿RÁ = @zms¿RÁ c @r¡ùFyxqsƒ«sxqsù µ³yùƒy»`½ = µ³yù¸R…V¼½ µ³y»R½*LóRi»y*»`½ c µ³yù¸R…V¼½µ³y»][aRPè úxmsbP´j…ÍØLigRi¿Á[}tísQxtsv, GNRP„sxtsQ¸R…WOTPQxmsò ÀÁ¾»½[òxtsv úxms¼½ztîsQ»R½µR…XztísQxtsv úxms¹¸…WgRiµR…LRi+ƒy»`½ c ""µ³yù¸R…V¼½ ‡ÁNRPM c µ³yù¸R…V¼½ úF¡ztsQ»R½Ë³ÏÁLRiòQXNS ƒyLki'' B»yùµj…ƒy c »R½ryø µR…VFyxqsƒ«s ª«sW{qs®ƒs\®ƒsª«s NSLRiù„sV¼½.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVƒ«sVƒ«sµj… ""µ³yù¸R…V¼½'' µ³y»R½*LóRiª«sVVgS úxmszqsµóR… \®ªsV¸R…VVƒ«sõµj…. Aµ³yù¸R…V¼½ µ³y»R½Vª«so ""µ³yù¸R…V¼½ ‡ÁNRPM'' N]LigRi µ³yù¬sLi¿RÁV ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj…. ""µ³yù¸R…V¼½ úF¡ztsQ»R½ ˳ÏÁLRiòQXNSƒyLki'' »R½ƒ«s ˳ÏÁLRiò úxmsªyxqsª«sVVƒ«sƒ«sVƒ«sõ {qsòQû A»R½¬s¬s µ³yù¬sLi¿RÁV¿RÁVƒ«sõµj… ¸R…V¬s LiVVÉíÓÁ ªyNRPùª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ @ª«s¸R…Vª«s ¿Á[xtísQÌÁV µR…NTPä¸R…VVƒ«sõ c IZNP[ INRP „sxtsQ¸R…Vª«sVVƒ«sLiµR…V ÌÁgRiõQQ\®ªsVƒ«s ÀÁ»R½òª«sX¼½ò xmsLRiLixmsLRigRiÌÁªy\lLi¸R…VVƒ«sõ c zqósLRi ª«sVgRiV µR…XztísQ gRiÖÁgji¸R…VVƒ«sõ ª«sùNRPVòÌÁ¸R…VLiµR…V úxms¹¸…WgjiLixms‡Á²R…V ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj…. NSƒ«sƒ«sV DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVV A{qsƒ«sV\®²…ƒ«s ªy¬s¿Á[»R½®ƒs[ ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gjiƒ«sµj… ¸R…V¬s ¬sLñRiLiVVLixmsµR…gRiVƒ«sV.

9. xqsW: @¿RÁÌÁ»R½*Li ¿y}msORPQQù

„sª«sX¼½M :c ¿RÁ = @zms ¿RÁ @¿RÁÌÁ»R½*Li c @}msORPQQù c ""µ³yù¸R…V¼d½ª«s xmsX´j…„ds'' B»yùµj… úxms¹¸…Wlgi[xtsv xmsX´j…ªyùµj… xtsQ*¿RÁÌÁ»R½* ª«sV}msZO^PQQùª«s µ³yù¸R…V¼d½¼½ ¬slLôi[aRPM úNTP¸R…Vª«sWßãÜ[ µR…XaRPù¾»½[ c »R½®µ…[»R½ µR…VFyxqsƒ«sLi c ´yùƒ«s ª«sW{qsƒ«sxqsù NRPlLi[ø»R½ùryùLóRixqsù ÇìØxmsNRPLi ˳ÏÁª«s¼½.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c ª«sVLji¸R…VV ""µ³yù¸R…V¼d½ª«s xmsX¼½„ds'' ˳ÏÁW„sV µ³yù¬sLi¿RÁV ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj…ª«sÛÍÁ ƒ«sVƒ«sõµj… @ƒ«sV¬sÉíÓÁ úxms¹¸…WgRiª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ xmsX´j…„s ®ªsVVµR…ÌÁgRiV ªy¬s ¸R…VLiµR…ÖÁ @¿RÁÌÁ»R½*ª«sVV (¿RÁÖÁLixmsNRP zqósLRiª«sVVgRi ƒ«sVLi²R…VÈÁ) ƒ«s}msOTPQLiÀÁ ¹¸…[V µ³yù¸R…V¼½ aRP‡ôÁª«sVV úxms¹¸…WgjiLixms‡Á²R…VÈÁ NSƒ«sª«s¿RÁVè ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj…. µk…¬s¬s ‡ÁÉíÓÁ¸R…VV µ³yùƒ«sª«sVV = DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVV @ƒ«sVƒ«sµj… NRPWLRiVè¬s ¸R…VVƒ«sõªy¬s¿Á[ ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gjiƒ«s NRPLRiø¹¸…[V @¬s úµ³R…Vª«sxms²R…V¿RÁVƒ«sõµj….

10. xqsW: xqsøLRiLi¼½ ¿RÁ

„sª«sX¼½M :c ¿RÁ = @zms ¿RÁ c xqsøLRi¬sò = bPuíy DFyxqsƒyLigRi¾»½[*ƒ«s ¿Á[ÍØÑÁ ƒyµj…ª«sV¸R…VLi ËØx¤¦¦¦ù ª«sWxqsƒ«sLi ""aRPV¿_®µ…[ZaP[ úxms¼½uíyxmsù zqósLRi ª«sWxqsƒ«s ª«sW»R½øƒ«sM'' B»yùµj…ƒy xqsøQX¼½xtsv úxms¼½FyµR…¸R…V¬sò. ¹¸…Wgjiƒ«saRPè aSLkiLRiNRP ª«sWxqsƒ«sLi xmsµR…øNRP xqs*zqsòNSµj…NRP ª«sVVxmsµj…aRPLi¼½ ¿RÁ. »R½ryø µR…xmsoùFyxqsƒ«s ª«sW{qs®ƒs[ƒ«s NSLRiù „sV¼½.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c bPxtísvÌÁgRiV ªyLRiÌÁV ""aRPV¿_ ®µ…[ZaP[ úxms¼½.....'' B»yùµj… ªyNRPùª«sVVÌÁÍÜ[ ¿Á[ÍØÑÁƒyµj… (ª«sxqsòQûª«sVV c NRPXuñyÑÁƒ«sª«sVV c µR…LS÷éxqsƒ«sª«sVV) LRiWxmsª«sVgRiV ËØx¤¦¦¦ùQ\®ªsVƒ«s Axqsƒ«sª«sVVƒ«sV DFyxqsƒyLigRiª«sVVgRi xqsøQX»R½VÌÁÍÜ[ úxms¼½Fyµj…Li¿RÁV ¿RÁVƒyõLRiV. BÛÉýÁ[ ¹¸…WgRiVÌÁVƒ«sV aSLkiNRPª«sVgRiV xmsµR…ø xqs*zqsòNSµyùxqsƒ«sª«sVVÌÁ ƒ«sVxms®µ…[bPLi¿RÁV¿RÁVƒyõLRiV. NSƒ«sƒ«sV DFyxqsƒ«sª«sVV NRPWLRiVè¬s¹¸…[V ¿Á[¸R…VµR…gjiƒ«sµj… ¸R…V¬s ¬saRPèLiVVLixmsµR…gRiVƒ«sV.

GNSúgRi»yµ³j…NRPLRißáLi 7

„sª«sX¼½M :c NRPLRiøzqs* ª¯[Fyxqs®ƒs[xtsv µj…lgôi[aRPNSÍصj…¬s¸R…V®ªsW ƒy{qsò»R½Vù¿RÁù¾»½[ c ¸R…Vú»R½ = ¸R…Vzqsøƒ±s ®µ…[ZaP[ c ¸R…Vzqsøƒ±s NSÛÍÁ[ c ¸R…VryùLi µj…bP c GNSúgRi»y = ª«sVƒ«sxqs GNSúgRi»y c GNRP„sxtsQ¸R…Vúxmsªyx¤¦¦¦M r¢NRPlLi[ùßá xqsLixmsµR…ù¾»½[ »R½ú»R½ = »R½zqsøƒ±s ®µ…[ZaP[ c »R½zqsøƒ±s NSÛÍÁ[ c »R½ryùLi µj…aRPVùFyxqsƒ«sLi úxms¸R…VVLiÒÁ»R½ c NRPryø»`½? @„sZaP[uy»`½ = NRPLRiøxqsV ¸R…Vµ³y ""úFyÀdÁƒ«súxmsƒ«sâßá[ \®ªsaRP*®µ…[®ªs[ƒ«s ¸R…VÛÇÁ[»R½'' B»yùµj… ®µ…[aRP NSÍصj…„sZaP[xtsQ aRP+Qû»R½ xqsò´][Fyxqs®ƒs[xtsv µj…lgôi[aRPNSÍصj…; „sZaP[xtsQ úaRPª«sßØ˳تy»`½. ¸R…VµR…ùzms ""xqs®ªs[V aRPV¿_ aRPLRiäLSª«sz¤¦¦¦õ ªyÌÁVNS„sª«sLêji¾»½[ aRP‡ôÁÇÁÍØúaRP¸R…Wµj…Õ³Á LRiøƒ¯[ƒ«sVNRPWÛÍÁ[ c ƒ«s»R½V ¿RÁORPVM {ms²R…®ƒs[ gRiV¥¦¦¦ ¬sªy»yúaRP¸R…Vâßá[ úxms¹¸…WÇÁ¹¸…[V»`½'' B»yùµj…ƒy ®µ…[aSµj…„sZaP[xtsQM NRP*ÀÁ¿RÁVèéQû»R½M c »R½´y „sZaP[xtsQúaRPª«sâßá[ xqs»R½ùzms gRiLigS ¼d½LRi c NRPVLRiVZOP[QQú»R½ c xqsWL][ùxmsLSgSµj… ®µ…[aRPNSÌÁ„sZaP[xtsQ¬s¸R…V®ªsW ƒy{qsò¼½ xqsWú»R½NRPXµR…ú»R½ xqsVx¤¦¦¦XµR…W÷é»][*xmsµj…aRP ¼d½¼½.

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AúFy¸R…Vßص³j… NRPLRißáLi 8

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B»R½LSZaýP[uyµ³j… NRPLRißáLi 10

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@ƒyLRi‡ôðÁLSùµ³j… NRPLRiß᪱sV 11

15. xqsW: @ƒyLRi‡ôðÁNSlLi[ù Gª«s »R½V xmsplLi[* »R½µR…ª«s®µ³…[M

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@gjiõx¤¦Ü[ú»yµR…ùµ³j… NRPLRißáLi 12

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17. xqsW: @»][7ƒyùzms }¤¦¦¦ùZNP[uy ª«sVV˳ÏÁ¹¸…WM

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2. xqsW: @»R½ Gª«s ¿RÁ xqsLS* ßáùƒ«sV

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5. xqsW: ˳ÏÁW¾»½[xtsv »R½¿RÁVèéQû¾»½[M

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úa][ú»R½®ƒs[ú»yµj… xqsª«sV}qsòLiúµj…¸R…WµR…VÌÁNRPVƒ«sV ƒyµ³yLRi˳ÏÁW»R½\®ªsVƒ«s ¾»½[ÇÁxqsV= ®ªsVVµR…ÌÁVgSgRiÌÁ ˳ÏÁW»R½ xqsWORPQQøª«sVVÌÁV »R½»R½òQ* „sÇì؃«sª«sVV NRPÖÁgji xqsLiryLRiª«sVV ¬sª«sX»R½òQ\®ªsVƒ«s xqsLixmspLñRiª«sVVgRi ®ªsWORPQª«sVV ÌÁÕ³ÁLi¿RÁV ª«sLRiNRPVƒ«sV ƒ«sbPLi¿RÁNRP¸R…VVLi²R…Vƒ«s„s¹¸…[V gS¬s D»yäQûLi¼½ NSÌÁª«sVVÍÜ[ xqs*LRiWxmsƒyaRPª«sVVƒ«sV F~LiµR…Vƒ«s„s ¸R…V¬s ¿Áxmsöª«sÌÁƒ«sV xms²R…µR…V. A NSÌÁª«sVVƒ«s ªy¬sNTP ª«sX¼½ò c ªyùFyLRi ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV ª«sWú»R½®ªs[V xqsLi˳ÏÁ„sLi¿RÁVƒ«s¬s ¿Áxmsöª«sÌÁ¸R…VVƒ«sV. GÌÁ¸R…Vƒ«s? ""¹¸…W¬s ª«sV®ƒs[ù... ¸R…V´y úaRPV»R½Liee @ƒ«sV ¬dsúaRPV¼½ ª«sVLRiß؃«sLi»R½LRiª«sVV ÒÁª«soÌÁV ªyLji ªyLji NRPLRiøÌÁ NRPƒ«sVgRiVß᪫sVVgRiƒ«sV, ªyLji ªyLji „sÇì؃«sª«sVVÌÁ NRPƒ«sVgRiVß᪫sVVgRiƒ«sV, ¿RÁLRiróyª«sLRi aRPLkiLRiª«sVVÌÁ F~LiµR…VµR…VLRi¬s ¿ÁxmsöV¿RÁV ª«sVLRiß؃«sLi»R½LRiª«sVV xqsLiryLRiª«sVVƒ«sV ª«sLñjiLi¿RÁV¿RÁVƒ«sõµj… gRiƒ«sVNRP, ª«sVLRiß᪫sVV F~Liµj…ƒ«s ª«sWú»R½ª«sVVƒ«s xqsLRi*ÒÁª«soÌÁNRPVƒ«sV xqsLiryLRiª«sVV ¬sª«sLjiòLi¿RÁVƒ«sV. ®ªsWORPQª«sVV ÌÁÕ³ÁLi¿RÁVƒ«sƒ«sõ¿][ aSxqsòQûª«sVVÌÁ ¸R…VLiµR…ÖÁ „sµ³j… ¬s}tsQµ³R…ª«sVV ÌÁƒ«sLóRiNRPª«sVVÌÁV NSª«sÌÁzqs ª«s¿RÁV胫sV. NSƒ«s »R½»R½òQ*®ªs[»R½òÌÁV NS¬s ÒÁª«soÌÁNRPLiµR…LRiNRPVƒ«sV ""¾»½[ÇÁM xmsLRiryùLi ®µ…[ª«s»y¸R…VLi'' @ƒ«sV ªyNRPùª«sVVÍÜ[ xmsLRiª«sW»R½ø¸R…VLiµR…V ¾»½[ÇÁ Aµj… ˳ÏÁW»R½ª«sVVÌÁNRPV ª«sLñjiLixms‡Á²T…ƒ«s xqsLixms¼½ò ¸R…Vƒ«s xqsVxtsvzmsò ¸R…VLiµR…Vª«sÛÍÁ ¬sµj…¸R…VV ª«sX¼½òÌÁ¸R…V®ªs[V gRi¸R…VgRiVƒ«sVgS¬s xqs*LRiWxmsÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV NS®ƒs[LRiµR…¬s ˳ت«sª«sVV c [B¿RÁÈÁ ""¾»½[ÇÁM'' @ƒ«sVxmsµR…ª«sVV ÖÁLigRi (xqsWORPQQø) aRPLkiLRi ËÜ[µ³R…NRPª«sV¬s gRiVLjiòLi¿RÁµR…gRiVƒ«sV.]

9. xqsW: xqsWORPQQøLi úxmsª«sWßá»R½aRPè »R½´][xmsÌÁÛËôðÁ[M

„sª«sX¼½M :c úxmsª«sWßá»R½M c ¿RÁ = D»R½äQû„sVxtsQù»][ ÒÁª«s ryùúaRP¸R…V ˳ÏÁW»R½Li ˳ÏÁW»yLi»R½LRi xqsLi¸R…VVNRPò ª«sVzms »R½¾»½[òÇÁM xmsLjiª«sWßá»R½ xqs=Q*LRiWxms»R½ aRPè xqsWORPQQøLi = ú»R½xqslLi[ßáVª«s»`½ xqsWORPQQø®ªs[Vª«s c NRPV»R½M? »R½´y DxmsÌÁÛËôðÁ[M = ƒy²U…¬sxtsQäQûª«sVßá úxms¼½FyµR…NRP úaRPV»yùµj…˳Ü[ù }¤¦¦¦»R½V˳ÏÁù xqsWORPQQø»R½* r¡ùxmsÌÁ˳ÏÁùª«sWƒ«s »y*»`½ c A»R½G ª¯[»yäQûLi¼½ xqsª«sV¹¸…[V »R½»yöLRi+Q*}qós L][õª«sÌÁ˳ÏÁù»R½ B¼½ ˳ت«sM.

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10. xqsW: ƒ¯[xmsª«sVlLôi[ ƒy»R½M

„sª«sX¼½M :c @»R½M = xqsWORPQQø»y*®µ…[ ®ªs[µR…Li ¾»½[ÇÁaRP+ÛËôÁ[ƒ«s „sª«sORPQ»R½Li ÖÁLigRi aRPLkiLRiLi Dxmsª«sVlLôði[ƒ«s = xqósWÌÁxqsLkiLRi r¡ùxmsª«sVlLôi[ƒ«s µy¥¦¦¦µj… ¬s„sV¾»½[òƒ«s c ƒ«s = ƒ¯[xmsª«sVXµR…ù¾»½[.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c NSƒ«s®ƒs[ C ¾»½[ÇÁxqsV= @ƒ«sgS ÖÁLigRi aRPLkiLRiª«sVV xqósWÌÁ aRPLkiLRiª«sVVƒ«sNRPV xqsLi‡ÁLiµ³j…LiÀÁƒ«s µy¥¦¦¦µj… ¬s„sV»R½òNRP\®ªsVƒ«s {ms²R…ÌÁ¿Á[ {ms²T…Lixms‡Á²R…NRP ¸R…VVLi²R…Vƒ«s¬s¸R…VV ¾»½ÖÁ¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV.

11. xqsW: @\|qs#ù ª«s¿][xmsxms¾»½[ò lLi[xtsQ Euyø

„sª«sX¼½M :c GxtsQM = ¸R…V ryòª«s ®µ…[»R½zqsøƒ±s ÒÁª«s¿RÁèéLkilLi[ xqsLixqs=lLi[+ƒ«s „sÇìظR…Vª«sWƒ«sM c Euyø = KxtísQùLi c xqs GxtsQM c @xqsù c Gª«s = xqsWORPQQø aRPLkiLRixqsùLixqsLi‡Á®ƒôðs[ùª«s ˳ÏÁ„s»R½V ª«sVL>Ri¼½ c NRPV»R½M? Dxmsª«s¾»½[òM = @ƒ«s*¸R…Vª«sù¼½lLi[NRP LRiWF¡xmsxms¾»½[ò LS÷éªy»`½ c xqs¾»½[ùª«s xqsWORPQQøaRPLkilLi[ ÒÁª«s®µô…[}¤¦¦¦ ExtsQøßá DxmsÌÁLi˳ػ`½ c ª«sVX»R½®µ…[}¤¦¦¦ (@xqs¼½ xqsWORPQQøaRPLkilLi[ »R½ú»R½) DxtsQøßá ExmsÌÁLi˳Ø˳تy µj…»R½ùLóRiM. xqósWÌÁaRPLkiLS¼½LjiNRPòxqsù xqsWORPQQø aRPLkiLRixqsù xqs¾»½[* KxtñsQùÖÁLigRiNRP ª«sVƒ«sVª«sWƒ«sLi úxmsª«sWßá „sV¼½ ˳ت«sM.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c ÒÁ„sLiÀÁ¸R…VVƒ«sõ xqósWÌÁaRPLkiLRiª«sVVƒ«sV DxmsÌÁ˳ÏÁùª«sWƒ«sª«sVgRiV ExtsQø (KxtísQùª«sVV) C xqsWORPQQø (ÖÁLigRi) aRPLkiLRiª«sVVƒ«sNRPV xqsLi‡ÁLiµ³j…LiÀÁƒ«sµj…¹¸…[V ¸R…V¬s ¾»½ÖÁ¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV. GÌÁ¸R…Vƒ«s? xqsWORPQQø aRPLkiLRi xqsLi‡ÁLiµ³R…ª«sVVƒ«sõxmsöV²R…V ÒÁª«s®µôð…[x¤¦¦¦ª«sVVƒ«s ExtsQø g][¿RÁLjiLi¿RÁV¿RÁVƒ«sõµj… gRiƒ«sVNRPƒ«sV c xqsWORPQQø aRPLkiLRi xqsLi‡ÁLiµ³R…ª«sVV ÛÍÁ[ƒ«sxmsöV²R…V ExtsQø g][¿RÁLjiLi¿RÁVÈÁ ÛÍÁ[µR…V gSƒ«sƒ«sV BÈýÁV ¬sLñRiLiVVLixms‡Á²R…V¿RÁVƒ«sõµj…. [xqósWÌÁ aRPLkiLRiª«sVV ƒ«sLiµR…ÖÁ NSµyÀÁ»fäuñ¡ùxmsÌÁ ‡ôðÁVùxmsÌÁ ‡ôðÁù˳ت«sª«sVVÌÁV xqósWÌÁ aRPLkiLS¼½LjiNRPòª«sVgRiV xqsWORPQQø aRPLkiLRiª«sVV NRPÌÁµR…ƒ«sVÈÁƒ«sV ¬sLRiWzmsLi¿RÁV ¿RÁVƒ«sõ„s.

úxms¼½}tsQµ³yµ³j… NRPLRißáLi 6

„sª«sX¼½M :c ¬sLæRiVßáú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sÇìجsƒ«s D»yäQû¬sò LSõQ{qsò¼½ ¬sLóSLRiLiVV»R½V „sVµR… ª«sVµ³j…NRPLRißá ª«sWLRi¿RÁù¾»½[ c úxms¼½}tsQµ³y»`½ = ""ƒ«s »R½xqsù úFyßØ D»yäQûª«sV¬sò'' D¼½ úaRPV»f xmsLjiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…M úFyß؃y ª«sVV»yäQû¬sò LSõQ{qsò¼½ ª«sNRPòª«sùLi B¼½ c ¿Á[»`½ = B»R½Vù¿RÁù¾»½[ ¿Á[»`½ c ƒ«s = ƒ«s »R½µR…VùÇÁù¾»½[ c NRPV»R½M? aSLkiLS»`½ = »R½ryùLi úaRPV»f ¸R…VM úFyßãÜ[»yäQû®ƒs[òLjiõ}tsQµ³R…M NRPX»R½ xqs=aRPLkiLS»R½=NSaS »yöQûß؃y ª«sVV»yäQûLi¼½Li ¬s}tsQµôðR…VLi ƒ«s úxms˳ÏÁª«s¼½ c NTPLi»R½V aSLkiLS»`½ = ÒÁªy»R½øƒ«sxqs=NSaS ®µ…[ª«s úFyß؃y ª«sVV»yäQûLi¼½Li ¬s}tsQµ³R…¼½ c NRPV»R½Gª«s ª«sVª«s gRiª«sVù»R½ B¼½Â¿Á[»`½. ¸R…V»R½ xqsò¿RÁVèéQû»f úaRPW¸R…Vª«sWßáM ""»R½xqsù'' B»R½ù¸R…VLi xqsLRi* ƒyª«sVaRP‡ôÁM xmspLRi*úxmsúNSLi»R½Li ÒÁªy»yøƒ«s ®ªs[Vªyƒ«sVª«sµR…¼½ »R½»R½öQûNRPLRißáxqós»yòQ* »R½òxqsù ªyNRPùxqsù. NTPLi¿RÁ ª«sWµ³R…ùLiµj…ƒyaSÆظR…WLi ""ƒ«s »R½ryø »yöQûßØ D»yäQûª«sV¬sò'' B¼½ xmsLi¿RÁª«sVù®ƒs[òƒ«s ÒÁª«sxqs*LRiWFyƒ«sVªyµR…ZNP[ƒ«s ""»R½ryø»`½'' B¼½ aRP##ÛËôðÁ[ƒ«s ÒÁªy»yøƒ«s ª«sVxqsWµR…ù ÒÁªy»R½øƒ«s xqs=NSaS®µ…[ª«s úFyßãÜ[»yäQûLi¼½úxms¼½}tsQµ³R…M NRPX»R½M c »R½»R½aRPè aSLkiLSFyµyƒ«sNRP úFyßãÜ[»yäQû¬sò lLi[ªyú»R½ úxms¼½ztsQ®µôð…[¼½ úFyßصj…xqsz¤¦¦¦»R½xqsù ÒÁª«sxqsù xmsLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµ][zms aRPLkiLSFyµR…ƒ«sN][»yäQûLi¼½ LRi{qsò¼½ xmspLRi*M xmsORPQM.

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""ƒ«s »R½xqsù úFyßØ D»yäQûª«sV¬sò'' xmsLRi ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…V¬s¹¸…VVNRPä úFyßá ª«sVVÌÁNRPV D»yäQûLi¼½ ÛÍÁ[µR…¬s ª«sLñjiLi¿RÁV C úaRPV¼½¬s‡ÁÉíÓÁ ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…V¬s aRPLkiLRiª«sVV ƒ«sVLi²T… úFyß᪫sVV ÌÁV»yäQûLi¼½ ƒ¯LiµR…ª«s¬s ¿Áxmsöª«sÌÁ¸R…VVƒ«s¬s ¸R…Vƒ«sVÈÁ ¸R…VVNRPòª«sVV NSµR…V. GÌÁ¸R…Vƒ«s? A úaRPV¼½ ÒÁªy»R½øNRPV xqsLi‡ÁLiµ³j…LiÀÁƒ«s úxmsNRPLRißá ª«sVVÍÜ[¬sµj… gSƒ«s ƒy úaRPV¼½ÍÜ[¬s ""»R½xqsù'' @ƒ«sV xqsLRi*ƒyª«sV aRP‡ôÁª«sVV xmspL][* xmsúNSLi»R½\®ªsVƒ«s ÒÁªy»R½ø®ƒs[ ËÜ[µ³j…Li¿RÁVƒ«sV. NSƒ«s ƒy úaRPV¼½ÍÜ[ ¿Á[¸R…V‡Á²T…ƒ«s ¬s}tsQµ³R…ª«sVV ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø „sµR…V²R…gRiV ÒÁªy»R½øƒ«sVLi²T… D»yäQû¼½¬s ¬s}tsQµ³j…Li¿RÁVƒ«sV gS¬s aRPLkiLRiª«sVVƒ«sVLi²T… ¸R…VV»yäQûLi¼½¬s ¬s}tsQµ³j…Lixms ÇØÌÁµR…V. ª«sVLji¸R…VV ª«sWµ³R…ùLiµj…ƒ«s aSÅÁ¸R…VLiµR…ÖÁ ""ƒ«s »R½ryø »yöQûßØ @xmsúNSª«sV¬sò'' @ƒ«sV ªyNRPùª«sVVÍÜ[¬s ""»R½ryø»`½'' @ƒ«sV ÒÁªy»R½øƒ«sV @ƒ«sVª«sµj…Li¿RÁV xmsLi¿RÁª«sVùLi»R½ aRP‡ôÁª«sVVƒ«sVõ ÒÁªy»R½ø ƒ«sVLi²T…¹¸…[V úFyßãÜ[»yäQûLi¼½¬s ¬s}tsQµ³j…Li¿RÁV¿RÁVƒ«sõµj… NSƒ«s úFyßصj… xqsz¤¦¦¦»R½V\®²…ƒ«s ÒÁªy»R½øNRPV A»R½²R…V ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…V\®²…ƒ«sƒ«sV aRPLkiLRiª«sVV ƒ«sVLi²T… A»R½¬s NRPV»yäQûLi¼½ ¸R…VVLi²T…¼d½LRiVƒ«sV @¬s xmspLRi*xmsORPQª«sVV.

13. xqsW: xqs=uí¡ }¤¦¦¦ùZNP[uyLi

„sª«sX¼½M :c GZNP[uyLi = NSßØ*ƒyLi aSÆظR…WLi c úFyß؃y ª«sV¸R…V ª«sVV»yäQû¬sòúxms¼½}tsQµ³R… aRP+LkiLSFyµyƒ«sNRP G®ªs[¼½ xqsöxtísQM = xqsVöéÈÁLi ÇìظR…V¾»½[. z¤¦¦¦ = »R½´yz¤¦¦¦ c ‡ÁXx¤¦¦¦µyLRißáùN][xms¬sxtsQµj… ALRiò˳ØgRiúxmsZaP[õ ""¸R…Vú»y¸R…VLi xmsoLRiVu¡ú„sV¸R…V¾»½[ c DµR…ryø »yöQûßØM úNSª«sV ƒyòQùx¤¦Ü[ ®ƒs[¼½ '' B¼½ úxmsaRPõxqsù ""®ƒs[¼½ x¤¦Ü[ªy¿RÁ ¸R…WÇìÁª«sÌÁäQùM'' B¼½ xqsª«sWµ³yƒ«s ª«sVVNRPòLi c »R½»R½M »R½L>RiQQù ¸R…VLi ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„s»`½ @ƒ«sV»yäQûLi¾»½[xtsv úFyâßá[xtsv ª«sVX»][ ƒ«sryù µj…»yùQZOP[Q}ms Çؾ»½[xqs¼½ ""@\¾»½Qûª«s xqsª«sVª«sÖdÁ¸R…V®ƒs[ò'' B¼½ úFyß؃«s ª«sV\¾»½Qûª«s ÌÁ¸R…V DNRPòM c»R½\¾»½Qûª«s úFyß؃yLi úxms„sÌÁ¸R…VLi úxms¼½ÇìظR…V »R½¼½=µôðR…¹¸…[V ""xqs D¿RÁèéQ*¸R…V »yùµ³yù¸R…V »yùµ³yø»][ ª«sVX»R½ ZaP[+¾»½['' B¼½ xqs B¼½ aRP##ÛËôÁ[ƒ«s xmsLSª«sVXxtísQ r¡ù»yäQûƒ«sòQùFyµyƒ«s˳ÏÁW»R½xqsù ®µ…[x¤¦¦¦ r¡ù¿RÁèéQ*¸R…VƒyµR…¹¸…W µ³R…LSøxqs=ª«sWª«sWõ»yM c ¾»½[z¤¦¦¦ aRPLkiLRi\|qs#ùª«s ˳ÏÁ„s»R½V ª«sVLRix¤¦¦¦¬sò ƒ«s ®µ…[z¤¦¦¦ƒ«sM c @»][ ÒÁª«sƒy xqsLi˳ÏÁªy xqsøQX»][ ®µ…[x¤¦¦¦ B¼½ ª«sùª«s¥¦¦¦L][ ˳ÏÁª«s¼½ ¸R…V´y ¿][¿RÁèéQ*¸R…VƒyµR…¹¸…W µ³R…LSø ®µ…[x¤¦¦¦ª«sWú»R½xqsLigjiƒ«s xqsò´][»yäQû¬sò úxms¼½}tsQµ³][zms »R½»R½öQûNRPLRißágRi»][ ®µ…[¥¦¦¦Fyµyƒ«sNRP G®ªs[¼½ ª«sNRPòª«sùM c »R½ryø »R½öLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…M úFyß؃y ª«sVV»yäQû¬sò LS* gRi¼½LS* ƒy{qsò¼½ zqsµôðR…Li c [D¿RÁèéQ*¸R…V¼½ = ËØx¤¦¦¦ùªy¸R…VV xmspLRißصR…*LóRi¾»½[ Aµ³yø¸R…V¼½ = ALôRiQûÛ˳Á[Lkiª«s ¿RÁè‡ôÁLi NRPL][¼½.]

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14. xqsW: xqsøLRiù¾»½[ ¿RÁ

„sª«sX¼½M :c ¿RÁ = NTPLi¿RÁ c xqsøLRiù¾»½[ = xqsLRi*˳ÏÁW»y»R½ø˳ÏÁW»y»R½ø˳ÏÁW»R½xqsù xqsª«sVùgRiW÷é»y¬s xmsaRPù»R½M e ®µ…[ªyzmsª«sWlLæi[ ª«sVVx¤¦¦¦ù¬sò x¤¦¦¦ùxmsµR…xqsù xms\®µ…ztsQßáM'' B¼½ ª«sV¥¦¦¦Ë³ØLRi¾»½[ xmsLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR… D»yäQûƒ«sòQù˳ت«sM úxms¼½FyµR…ù¾»½[ c »R½ryø »R½öLRi ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµ][ gRi»R½Vù»yäQûLi¼d½ ƒ«s xqsLi˳ÏÁª«s»R½ B¼½ zqsµôðR…ù¼½.

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ªygSµj…ÌÁ¸R…Wµ³j… NRPLRißáLi 7

„sª«sX¼½M :c »y¬s = xmsLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…M úFyßáaRPËôÜ[µj…»y¬s ªygSµk…¬sòQû ¸R…WßÓá ˳ÏÁW»y¬s ¿RÁ xmslLi[ = xmsLRizqsøƒ±s ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦øâßá[ùª«s úxms„sÖdÁ¸R…V®ƒs[ò. ƒ«s »R½*„sµR…VxtsQ Bª«s xqs*xqs*úxmsNRPX¼½xtsv c NRPryø»`½? z¤¦¦¦ = ¸R…Vryø»`½ c »R½´y c Ax¤¦¦¦ = úaRPV¼½M ""¸R…V®´…[ª«sW ƒ«sµR…ù xqs=QùLiµR…ª«sWƒy xqs=¸R…VVúµy¸R…VßØ xqs=ª«sVVúµR…Li úFyFyùxqsòLi gRi¿RÁèé¬sò Õ³Á®µ…[ù¾»½[ »yryLi ƒyª«sVLRiW}ms xqsª«sVVúµR…B¾»½[ùª«s úF¡¿RÁù¾»½[ c Gª«s ®ªs[V ªyxqsù xmsLjiúµR…xtísv Ljiª«sW u<¡²R…aRP NRPÍØM xmsoLRiVuy¸R…WßØM xmsoLRiVxtsQLi úFyFyùxqsòLi gRi¿RÁèé¬sõ Õ³Á®µ…[ù¾»½[ »yryLi ƒyª«sVLRiW}ms xmsoLRiVxtsQ B¾»½[ùª«s úF¡¿RÁù¾»½[ c ""B¾»½[ùª«sLi úxms¼½FyµR…¸R…V¼½ c @ú»y¸R…VLi „s®ªs[xtsQM. B¸R…VLi úaRPV¼½ xqsò»R½*„s»R½VöLRiVxtsQ„sxtsQ¹¸…[V¼½, ""@gjiõLi ªygRi}msù¼½'' B»yùµyù úaRPV»R½¸R…Vƒ«sVò »R½ÈÁxqósxmsoLRiVxtsQ„sxtsQ ¸R…W c B¼½ c ú„sV¸R…Vª«sWâßá[ »R½»R½òQ*„sµj… xqs„dsVxmsª«sLjiòƒ«sM xmsoLRiVuy xqs=Q*xqs*µR…Xuíy®ƒs[òƒ«s »R½µk…¸R…VªygSµk…ƒy ª«sVgSõQQùµj…xtsv ÌÁ¸R…VLi ª«sVƒ«sù®ƒs[ò B¼½ c @»R½ aRPV+Qû»][ù LRiõ xmsLRixqsöLRiLi „sL][µ³R…M B¼½ c »R½ryø »R½öLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…M úFyß؃yLi ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦øâßá[ùª«s ÌÁ¸R…VM c B¼½ zqsµôðR…Li.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c ""¸R…V®´…[ª«sW ƒ«sµR…ùM....úF¡¿RÁù¾»½['' xqsLRi*ú»R½ ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦øƒ«sV µR…Lji+Li¿RÁV¿RÁVLi²R…V ª«sV¥¦¦¦»R½Vø¬s ¹¸…VVNRPä ªygSµj… xqslLi[*Liúµj…¸R…Vª«sVVÌÁV, ˳ÏÁW»R½ ª«sVVÌÁV B„s¸R…V¬sõ¸R…VV xmsoLRiVxtsv¬s¸R…VLiµR…V NRPÖÁö»R½ª«sVV\ÛÍÁƒ«s„s¹¸…[V gRiƒ«sVNRP xmsoLRiVxtsQ »R½»R½òQ*ª«sVV ÇìØ»R½ª«sVVNSgS ÛÇìÁ[¸R…Vª«sVgRiV A xmsoLRiVxtsv¬s F~Liµj… ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVVƒ«sV F~LiµR…Vƒ«sV. @¬s ª«sLñjiLi¿RÁV C úaRPV¼½¬s‡ÁÉíÓÁ ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµR…V¬s ªygSµk…Liúµj…¸R…Vª«sVVÌÁV c ˳ÏÁW»R½ª«sVVÌÁVƒ«sV xmsLRiú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø¸R…VLi®µ…[ ÌÁLiVVLi¿RÁVƒ«sV gS¬s @„sµy*LixqsV¬s BLiúµj…¸R…V úFyßصR…VÌÁVª«sÛÍÁ xqs*xqs*NSLRiß᪫sVVÌÁ¸R…VLiµR…„s ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVVÌÁƒ«sV F~LiµR… ª«s¬s ¬saRPèLiVVLixmsµR…gRiVƒ«sV. ""@gjiõLi ªygRi}msù¼½....'' B»yùµj… úaRPV»R½VÌÁV »R½ÈÁxqós xmsoLRiVxtsvÌÁ¹¸…VVNRPä ª«sVLRißáNSÖdÁƒ«s „sZaP[xtsQª«sVVÌÁƒ«sV ª«sLñjiLi¿RÁVƒ«s„s ¸R…V¬s ¸R…VVƒ«sV c ""¸R…V®´…[ª«sW ƒ«sµR…ùM...'' @ƒ«sV ¬ds úaRPV¼½ ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø»R½»R½òQ* „s»R½VöLRiVxtsv¬s ª«sVLRißáNSÖdÁƒ«s „s®ªs[xtsQª«sVVÌÁƒ«sV ª«sLñjiLi¿RÁVƒ«sµj… ¸R…V¬s¸R…VV „sª«sLjiLiÀÁ ¾»½ÖÁzqsN]ƒ«s ª«sÌÁ¸R…VVƒ«sV. NSƒ«s úaRPV»R½VÌÁNRPV xmsLRixqsöLRiª«sVV „sL][µ³R…ª«sVV ÛÍÁ[µR…¬s¸R…VV c ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø „sµR…V¬s úFyß᪫sVVÌÁ (BLiúµj…¸R…WµR…VÌÁ) NRPV xmsLRiª«sW»R½ø¸R…VLi®µ…[ ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV @¬s¸R…VV zqsµôðR…ª«sVgRiV ¿RÁVƒ«sõµj….

A„s˳ØgSµ³j… NRPLRißáLi 8

„sª«sX¼½M :c @„s˳ØgRiM = xmsLRi ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµyù¬sxtîsQ ryù¸R…VLi úFyßصk…ƒyLi NRPÍ؃yLi „sÌÁ¸R…VM c @„s˳ØgRiM = „s˳ØgRiaRPWƒ«sùM = ¬sLRiª«sZaP[xtsQ Gª«s ƒ«s »R½*ÇìÁ}qsùª«s ryª«sZaP[xtsQM. NRPV»R½Gª«sLi ¬sbdPè¸R…V¾»½[? ª«s¿RÁƒy»`½ = xmspL][*QQNRPòúaRPV»f NRPÍØ „sÌÁ¹¸…W NRPòQùƒ«sLi»R½LRiLi ""Õ³Á®µ…[ù¾»½[ »yryLi ƒyª«sVLRiW}ms'' B¼½ »yryLi ¬sLRiª«s ZaP[xtsQ»][*QQZNP[òM c ƒ«s x¤¦¦¦ù„sµyù¬s„sV»yòƒyLi NRPÍ؃yLi „sµyù¬s„sV¾»½[ò úxmsÎÏÁ##¹¸…[V ryª«sZaP[xtsQ»R½* ª«sVVxmsxmsµR…ù¾»½[ B¼½.

„sª«sLRiß᪫sVV :c xmspL][*µyx¤¦¦¦X»R½ úaRPV¼½ÍÜ[ ""Õ³Á®µ…[ù¾»½[ »yryLi ƒyª«sV LRiW}ms'' @¬s ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø„sµyù ¬sxtîsv¬s¹¸…VVNRPä úFyßصj… NRPÎÏÁÌÁNRPV ƒyª«sVLRiWxmsª«sVVÌÁ¬sõ¸R…VV ƒ«sbPLi¿RÁVƒ«sƒ«sV¿RÁV ¬sZaP[+xtsQª«sVVgRi xqsLixmspLñRi xqs*LRiWxmsÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV ª«sLñjiLixms‡Á²T…ƒ«sµj…. gSƒ«s @ÇìÁÙ¬s NRPÎÏÁÌÁNRPV ryª«sZaP[xtsQÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVVgS¬s „sÇìÁÙƒ«sNRPÈýÁV NSµR…¬s ¾»½ÖÁ¸R…VµR…gRiVƒ«sV. C ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV „sµyùúxms¸R…VVNRPòª«sVV NSƒ«s A„sµR…ùNRPª«sVVÌÁgRiV NRPÎÏÁÌÁNRPV (BLiúµj…¸R…V úFyßصR…VÌÁNRPV) ryª«sZaP[xtsQÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV ¿ÁxmsöVÈÁ ¸R…VVNRPòª«sVV NS®ƒs[LRiµR…V. LRiÇìÁÙ (ú»y²R…V) @ƒ«sV Çì؃«sª«sVV NRPÖÁgjiƒ«s »R½LRiVªy»R½ ú˳ØLi¼½ úxms¸R…VVNRPòª«sVgRiV xqsLRiöª«sVV (Fyª«sVV) ƒ«sNRPV ÌÁ¸R…Vª«sVV xqsLixmspLñRiª«sVVgRi®ƒs[ ¹¸…[VLRiö²R…Vƒ«sV gS¬s ryª«sZaP[xtsQª«sVVgRi NSµR…VgRiµy.

»R½µ][N][µ³j… NRPLRiß᪱sV 9

„sª«sX¼½M :c xmsLRi„sµyù¬sxtîsQ r¡ù»yäQû¬sò LSõQ{qsò¼½ c xqsgRiVßáú‡Áx¤¦Ü[ø FyxqsNRPxqsù ¿yÇìÁxqsù ¿y{qsò¼½ úxms¼½Fyµj…»R½ ®ªs[V»yª«s»y. Bµy¬dsLi „sµR…* µR…„sµR…Vu¡ LSù »yª«s µR…V»yäQû¬sò xqsòú»R½ „sZaP[xtsQ D¿RÁù¾»½[ c »R½µ][N][úgRiÇÁ*ÌÁƒ«sLi = »R½xqsù = DxmsxqsLix¤¦¦¦X»R½ ªygSµj…NRPÍØxmsxqsù = ÖdÁƒ«sª«sX¼½òNRP ªygSµj…xqsª«sVVµy¸R…V r¡ù¿RÁèúNRP„sVxtsQ»][ „sÇì؃y»R½øƒ«sM = ÒÁª«sxqsù c JNRPM = A¸R…V»R½ƒ«sLi = x¤¦¦¦XµR…¸R…VLi ¸R…VµR…zqsò c »R½ryùúgRiƒ«sù = ƒy²U…ª«sVVÅÁxqsù c ÇÁ*ÌÁƒ«sLi = ˳؄sxmnsÌÁ (˳؄s ÇÁƒ«sø) xqsVöéLRißáLi úxmsµ][ù»R½ƒyÅÁùLi ˳ÏÁª«s¼d½¼½ ¸R…V»`½ c »R½»R½M »R½»R½öQûNSbP»R½µy*LRiM = ¾»½[ƒ«s x¤¦¦¦XµR…¸R…WúgRiúxmsµ][ù»R½®ƒs[ƒ«s ryµ³R…ƒ«s˳ÏÁW¾»½[ƒ«s úxmsNSbP»R½Li = úxmsNRPÉÔÁNRPX»R½Li ¸R…V»`½ c µy*LRiLi = ¬sxtsQäQûª«sVß᪫sWLæRiM ¸R…Vxqsù xqsM = ƒ«sM = »R½»R½öQûNSbP»R½µy*LRiM c »R½´y„sµ³][ ÇظR…V¾»½[ „sµy* ƒ«s„sµy*Li aRPè c xmsaSè»`½ xqsgRiVßáú‡Áx¤¦Ü[FyxqsN][ „sµyùLixqsVò c ¥¦¦¦LôSƒ«sVgRiX{¤¦¦¦»R½M = ¥¦¦¦lLôi[ƒ«s = ¥¦¦¦LôSÌÁ¹¸…[Vƒ«s. ƒ«sWFyzqs¾»½[ƒ«s, ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦øßØ c @ƒ«sVgRiX{¤¦¦¦»R½M = »R½µy÷骫sª«sWxmsƒ«sõM c aRP»yµ³j…NRP¸R…W = aRP»y µR…¼½Lji NRPò¸R…W = GNRPaRP»R½»R½ª«sWù. x¤¦¦¦XµR…¸R…W µR…VµæR…»R½¸R…W, NRPLihSƒ«sòxqsòƒ«s¸R…W, ƒyzqsNS Õ³Á¼½òµy*LS ª«sVWLôðSƒ«s ®ªs[V»R½ùLRibPøÕ³Á lLi[NUP˳ÏÁW»R½¸R…W, Aµj…»R½ùª«sVLi²R…ÌÁ ª«sVƒ«sVúxms„sxtísQ¸R…W xqsVxtsvª«sWõÅÁù¸R…W ƒy²yù „s¬suyäQûª«sV¼½ c ƒ«s»R½*„sµy* ¬sª«s ¿RÁORPVLSµj…róyƒ«szqós¾»½[˳Ü[ù ƒy²R…ùLi»R½ lLi[˳ÏÁùM c NRPryø µj…µR… ª«sVª«s{qs¸R…V»R½ B¼½Â¿Á[»`½ c „sµyùryª«sVLóSQù»`½ = D»R½äQXxtísQróyƒ«súxms¼½ÌÁLi˳ØLóRi ª«sVVxmsµj…xtísQ xqsgRiVßá ú‡Áx¤¦¦¦ø „sµyùryª«sVLóSQù»`½ c ¸R…Vµj… „sµy*ƒ«s {ms»R½LRiª«s»óy=ƒyLi»R½lLi[˳Ü[ù ¬suyäQû®ªs[V»R½òQL>jiQQQ\®ƒsª¯[»R½äQXxtísQLi xmnsÌÁLi ÌÁÛ˳Á[»R½ c »R½ryø ®µ…[ª«s ª«sVª«s{qs¸R…V¾»½[. NTPLi¿RÁ »R½Â¿Á[èéxtsQ gRi»R½ùƒ«sVxqsøQX¼½¹¸…WgS»`½ c ¿RÁ = »R½ryù = xqs=gRiVßá„sµyù¸R…WM c ZaP[xtsQgRi¼½M = ZaP[xtsQ˳ÏÁW»y ¸R…W gRi¼½M ª«sVWLôðRiƒ«sùƒy²U…xqsLi‡Áµôðy c @LjièLSµj…NS xqsX¼½M = ª«sWLæRiM »R½ryùM @ƒ«sVxqsøQX¼½M = µ³yùƒ«sLi @x¤¦¦¦LRix¤¦¦¦LS úFy¸R…Vßá ª«sVƒ«sVÀÁLi»R½ƒ«sLi c »R½ryùM c ¹¸…WgS»`½ = „sµ³yƒy»`½ c ¿RÁ c ¸R…Vµj… róyƒyLi»R½lLi[˳Ü[ùzms ¬suyäQûª«sV»][ „sbPxtísQxmnsÌÁúFyzmsòry=Qù»`½ c »R½L>ji„sbPxtísQgRi¼½ÀÁƒ«sòƒ«sxqsù = „sbPxtísQª«sWLæSƒ«sVxqsøQX¾»½[ Lji*µ³yƒ«sL